'A neglected minor classic of modern English theology [is] D. R. Davies' On to
Orthodoxy, the personal reflections of a disillusioned liberal. The idea that Christianity is basically a religion of moral improvement... has its
roots in the liberal Protestantism of the late nineteenth century and early twentieth
century... It is this stereotype which continues to have influence today... But then came
the First World War... What had gone wrong was that the idea of sin had been abandoned by
liberal Christianity as some kind of unnecessary hangover from an earlier and less
enlightened period in Christian history.' Alister McGrath, Bridge-Building: Effective
Christian Apologetics, IVP, 1992, pp. 102-3. 'There has been a widespread collapse of confidence in the Enlightenment's trust in the
power of reason to provide foundations for a universally valid knowledge of the world,
including God... Evangelicalism has [thus] suddenly found itself with an unexpected
advantage over its rivals... As study after study demonstrates, evangelicalism is drawing
people - especially young people - away from mainline churches... Evangelicalism owes its
successes partly to the failures and irresponsibility of the dominent liberal trends in
Western Christianity since the Second World War... For example... liberalism has managed
to gain control of most of the seminaries and bureaucracies of the mainline Protestant
churches in North America. Many of those now in positions of leadership in such
denominations gained their theological education during the 1960s and 1970s, when
theological liberalism was at its zenith... They have failed to realize that liberalism is
losing its academic appeal; through their involvement with the bureaucracy, rather than
pastoral work, they seem to have been shielded from the realization that liberalism has
depressingly little to say which can console the world in its grief, or challenge it in
its apathy.' Alister McGrath, Evangelicalism and the Future of Christianity, H&S,
1993, pp. 186-7 'In 1873 Moody floated in [to Scotland] from America and had the greatest success of
his life when Scots responded to his preaching of God's love for all; this had probably
been the actual faith of the Scottish churches for decades before they realized that it
was so. The theological formularies had to make way for this development. The United
Presbyterians were embarrassed by having to try ministers for rejecting election as set
forth in the Westminster Confession when nobody actually believed it any more.' Gavin
White, How the Churches Got to Be the Way They Are, SCM, 1990, p.44. 'Conservative theology, however rational it may be in its method, tends to _deduce_
from the tradition. Liberal theology, however much it may emphasize the necessity of
faith, tends to _induce_ from generally accessible experience... The problem of making
faith plausible is not new. It was Augustine who formulated it with the sharpest accuracy
when he said: 'Nullus quippe credit aliquid, nisi prius cogitaverit esse credendum' - 'No
one, indeed, believes anything, unless he previously knows it to be believable.' Peter
Berger, A Rumor of Angels, Anchor Books, 1970, pp. 76-77. 'Notice how Jesus [in the "Sermon on the Mount", especially Matthew 5:17-20]
now leads into his teaching on the Law: "I have not come to abolish the Law"
(Cool it, liberals!); the Law will not disappear "until its purpose is achieved"
(Beware, mindless legalists!); "Your virtue must go deeper than the scribes and
Pharisees or you will never enter the kingdom" (it's about Kingdom values and depth,
not just external behavior.)' Richard Rohr, Jesus' Plan for a New World: The Sermon on the
Mount, St. Anthony Messenger Press, 1996, p. 147. 'In 1960, [Karl] Barth was asked to provide some comments on the future of
"liberal theology", a term which was to exclude existentialist theology, but to
cover virtually all the rest of theology apart from that branch which Barth himself
represented... The average liberal theologian, Barth remarked, is like a man entering a
boat a hundred yards or so above the falls of the Rhine and finding himself drifting past
the point of no return. [But] Barth's insight into the majesty of God and his emphasis on
the Word of God could, and unfortunately did, degenerate into a kind of theological
triumphalism.' John Bowden, Karl Barth, SCM Press, 1971, p. 106. 'The prominence of Bible-onlyism, at the expense of well-articulated theology, meant
that when new conditions arose [in the twentieth century] there was little ground from
which to reason. Evangelicals throughout the nineteenth century had not worked very
self-consciously at thinking about the best ways, consistent with the Bible itself, to
push thinking from Scripture to modern situations and back again... As a result the
Christian cause suffered. The effective evangelism and moral fervor of an earlier age had
not been matched by comparable Christian attention to the mind. A theological liberalism
emerged that had little concern for human sinfulness, God's grace, or the supernatural
work of Christ.' Mark Noll, The Scandal of the Evangelical Mind, Eerdmans, 1994, p. 107. 'Those who are theologically liberal tend to be too soft on doubt, lionizing such
notions as _ambiguity_ and _uncertainty_. This spiritual permissiveness becomes a slipway
to unbelief. On the other hand, those who are theologically conservative tend to be too
hard on doubt, demonizing the dire consequences of unresolved doubt and verging on a
spiritual perfectionism that leaves doubters in such a state of guilt or despair they dare
not acknowledge their doubts to others or even to themselves.' Os Guinness, 'I Believe in
Doubt' in R.C.Sproul (ed.) Doubt and Assurance, Baker, 1993, pp. 31-2. 'What is meant by "liberal" theology? If it means only that the theologian to
whom the adjective is applied has an openness to other points of view, then liberal
theologians are found in all schools of thought. But if "liberal" becomes itself
a party label, then it usually turns out to be extremely illiberal.' John Macquarrie,
Jesus Christ in Modern Thought, SCM Press, 1990, p. 253. 'The Jesus of the school of critics represented today by Harnack and Bousset was... of
his time. He believed in miracles, in diabolic possession; above all he believed in the
imminent end of the world... The Christ that Harnack sees, looking back through nineteen
centuries of Catholic darkness, is only the reflection of a Liberal Protestant face, seen
at the bottom of a deep well.' George Tyrrell, Christianity at the Crossroads, Longmans
Green, 1909, pp. 46-49. 'It is often said that the uncertain happenings of history cannot lead to faith. No,
but they can destroy it; history is the great destroyer of myths. If it could be shown, as
clear historical evidence, that the bones of Jesus of Nazareth had mouldered away in a
Palestinian grave like the bones of anyone else, I would cease to be a worshipping
Christian. I would still regard the Gospels as the best news ever brought to man, and
Jesus as our one hope in a wintry sea, his teaching as our guide in the way in which we
ought to live, his example as the inspiration to effort and to self-sacrifice. But I could
not proclaim a victory which is some eschatological event to be proclaimed in some distant
day at the end of time. I could not partake in a Holy Communion which was simply the
commemoration of a long-departed friend. I could not pretend that a fortuitous collection
of individuals is the body of Christ. As to the "how", I still maintain a
reverent uncertainty; as to the "that", I can no longer feel any manner of
doubt.' Bishop Stephen Neill, God's Apprentice: an Autobiography, H&S, 1991, pp. 66-7. 'One day I was having lunch with two students who were talking about whatever they were
talking about - the weather, the movies - when without warning one of them asked the other
as naturally as he would have asked the time of day what God was doing in his life. If
there is anything in this world I believe, it is that God is indeed doing all kinds of
things in the lives of all of us including those who do not believe in God, and would have
nothing to do with him if they did, but in the part of the East where I live, if anybody
were to ask a question like that, even among religious people, the sky would fall, the
walls would cave in, the grass would wither. I think the very air would stop my mouth if I
opened it to speak such words among just about any group of people I can think of in the
East because their faith itself, if they happen to have any, is one of the secrets that
they have kept so long that it might almost as well not exist. The result was that to find
myself at Wheaton among people who, although they spoke about it in different words from
mine and expressed it in their lives differently, not only believed in Christ and his
Kingdom more or less as I did but were also not ashamed or embarrassed to say so was like
finding something which, only when I tasted it, I realized I had been starving for for
years.' Frederick Buechner, Telling Secrets: A Memoir, HarperSanFrancisco, 1991, pp. 81-2.
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